Interventions for a 54-Year-Old Male Patient With Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular diseases are the main causes of high morbidity and mortality rates in many nations across the world (Grossman, 2013). The clinical causes of these diseases are not known, but it is evident that most of them are associated with atherosclerosis and hypertension. Moreover, many people who have attained the age of 40 and above are at high risk of acquiring the diseases. This is due to physiological and morphological changes that interfere with the working of cardiovascular systems, increasing the chances of acquiring the diseases (Grossman, 2013). Thus, the man is likely to have acquired the disease due to his age and lifestyle.

Despite the fact that the heart diseases are attributed to many causes, man’s disease can be attributed to age, lifestyle, such as smoking, and fatty diet (Grossman, 2013). The abnormal Exercise Treadmill Testing (ETT) is sometimes referred to as the ST segment depression, which ranges between 5% and 25%. Therefore, the abnormal ETT of a male aged 54 could have resulted from chronotropic incompetence and failure to achieve the expected heart beat rate (Powers, Olsen, Oddone & Bosworth, 2009).

There are many interventions that a male patient aged 54 needs to observe in order to prevent further abnormalities during testing. First, he should change his lifestyle. Since the man could be a smoker, it is advisable for him to avoid it because it has been revealed by Powers and colleagues (2009) that smoking increases the activities of CYP2E1, which accelerates the deposition of drugs that activates the mind, such as pentazocine and haloperidol. Thus, the male should avoid smoking to prevent induction of CYP2E1 that increases the risk of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Other lifestyles, such as sitting posture and sudden stress should be avoided at all costs because they enhance the onset of heart diseases.

Second, dietary intervention is a measure that would be critical in helping the male patient. It is right for the male who is 54 years to eat a diet that contains low fat. This is for the reason that most heart diseases are associated with obesity, which is associated with a diet that contains high fat content, especially the one that contains cholesterol (Vranckx et al., 2009). A diet that contains more fibre and vitamins is recommended. According to Vranckx and colleagues (2009), a diet with all the required nutrients in the correct amount, with reduced glycemic load decreases the chances of getting diabetes 2 and obesity. Olive oil, fruits, and minerals are significant to a male who is 54 years.

The third intervention that should be emphasized in order to reduce the risk is physical exercise. Every person, healthy or sick should engage himself or herself in physical activities. It is helpful in vascular remodelling and increases the cardiovascular angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and arteriogenesis (Vranckx et al., 2009). It has been revealed that the application of daily exercise is vital in the up-regulation of angiopgenic factors, promoting active lifestyles (Vranckx et al., 2009).

The fourth intervention is the provision of education to the male patient with regard to cardiovascular diseases. This entails informing the man how to live and manage his condition. Although this intervention has not been provided by many researchers, it plays a key role in reducing the risks that are associated with heart diseases (Grossman, 2013).

Finally, it is recommended that the male patient should visit healthcare centers for monitoring. This would be significant in understanding when the disease needs medication (Grossman, 2013). In addition, it would be easier to monitor the clinical symptoms and advise him accordingly. Visiting healthcare centers will be vital because his condition will be given attention and relevant help will be provided.

Therefore, there is a need to come up with many preventive measures in order to reduce the risk of getting cardiovascular diseases. This is because they are responsible for high mortality and morbidity rates, and has increased economic burdens to both individuals and nations globally.

References

Grossman, S. (2013). Porth’s pathophysiology: Concepts of altered health states. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

Powers, B. J., Olsen, M. K., Oddone, E. Z., & Bosworth, H. B. (2009). The effect of a hypertension self-management intervention on diabetes and cholesterol control. The American journal of medicine, 122(7), 639-646.

Vranckx, P., Schultz, C. J., Valgimigli, M., Eindhoven, J. A., Kappetein, A. P., Regar, E. S., & Serruys, P. W. (2009). Assisted circulation using the TandemHeart® during very high‐risk PCI of the unprotected left main coronary artery in patients declined for CABG. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions, 74(2), 302-310.